Course in Basics of Electrical Network Maintenance

Types of Electrical Networks

• Transmission networks vs. distribution networks

• Overhead networks vs. underground networks

• High, medium, and low voltage networks

Components of Electrical Networks

• Transformers

• Switches and circuit breakers

• Cables and lines

Basic Concepts of Electric Current

• Current, voltage, and resistance

• Ohm’s law and electrical relationships

• Reading electrical diagrams

Operation Mechanism of Electrical Networks

• Power generation and transmission

• Distribution of energy to consumers

• Role of control centers

Protection and Control Systems

• Electromechanical protections

• Electrical relays

• Automatic disconnection systems

Load Distribution and Control

• Balanced load distribution

• Load control systems

• Handling electrical peaks

Testing and Measurement Tools

• Current and voltage meters

• Megger and insulation testers

• Earth fault detectors

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Gloves and insulating materials

• Thermal insulation tools

• Arc flash protective clothing

Live Working Equipment

• Hand-held insulators

• Connecting rods

• Maintenance tools for live work

Preventive Maintenance of Components

• Cleaning and inspecting transformers

• Checking electrical switches

• Testing cables and insulators

Electrical Performance Monitoring

• Measuring currents and voltages

• Identifying electrical losses

• Reviewing voltage stability

Documentation and Technical Reports

• Filling out maintenance forms

• Keeping performance records

• Analyzing technical results

Types of Network Faults

• Permanent and temporary faults

• Phase faults and short circuits

• Grounding and insulation faults

Fault Detection Methodologies

• Visual and field inspections

• Using diagnostic devices

• Analyzing load behavior

Repair Steps and Service Restoration

• Isolation and disconnection procedures

• Performing repair tasks

• Safely restoring service

Potential Electrical Hazards

• Electric shock

• Arc flash burns

• Slips and falls in work areas

Occupational Safety Procedures

• Securing the work area

• Work permits and testing

• Applying national safety regulations

Emergency Response

• Handling electrical accidents

• First aid for electric shock

• Reporting and documentation procedures

Transformer Maintenance

• Inspecting insulating oil

• Testing insulation resistance

• Monitoring temperature

Distribution Panel Maintenance

• Tightening connections and checking breakers

• Cleaning electrical circuits

• Testing protection functions

Connection and Disconnection Points Maintenance

• Inspecting grounding switches

• Ensuring connection integrity

• Lubricating metallic joints

Cable Types and Uses

• Low and medium voltage cables

• Feed and internal connection cables

• Insulation and protective sheathing

Electrical Cable Testing

• Insulation resistance testing

• High-voltage (Hi-Pot) testing

• Thermal inspection of cables

Cable Fault Detection

• Fault location techniques

• Thermal and visual inspection

• Using reflectometry

Grounding System Concepts

• Importance of grounding for protection

• Types of grounding systems

• Optimal grounding resistance

Grounding System Testing

• Using earth testing devices

• Measuring resistance

• Analyzing test results

Lightning Protection for Facilities

• Components of lightning protection systems

• Design and technical installation

• Regular maintenance and inspection

Digital Technologies in Maintenance

• Smart monitoring systems

• Data analysis for early fault detection

• Use of sensors and remote control

Improving Network Efficiency

• Reducing technical and commercial losses

• Efficient load management

• Proactive maintenance

Modern Trends in Electrical Power

• Integrating renewable energy sources

• Smart grids

• Upgrading aging infrastructure